PREPRINT: Antibody-lectin chimeras for glyco-immune checkpoint blockade

Despite the curative potential of checkpoint blockade immunotherapy, a majority of patients remain unresponsive to existing treatments. Glyco-immune checkpoints – interactions of cell-surface glycans with lectin, or glycan binding, immunoreceptors – have emerged as prominent mechanisms of immune evasion and therapeutic resistance in cancer. Here, we describe antibody-lectin chimeras (AbLecs), a modular platform for glyco-immune checkpoint blockade. AbLecs are bispecific antibody-like molecules comprising a tumor-targeting arm as well as a lectin “decoy receptor” domain that directly binds tumor glycans and blocks their ability to engage lectin receptors on immune cells. AbLecs elicited tumor killing in vitro via macrophage phagocytosis and NK cell and granulocyte cytotoxicity, matching or outperforming combinations of monospecific antibodies with lectin-blocking or glycan-disrupting therapies. Furthermore, AbLecs synergized with blockade of the “don’t eat me” signal CD47 for enhanced tumor killing. AbLecs can be readily designed to target numerous tumor-associated antigens and glyco-immune checkpoint ligands, and therefore represent a new modality for cancer immune therapy.